Empty conference room and city view used as editorial context. Not a photographed customer.

occupancy costs

What is CAM in a commercial lease?

What is CAM in a commercial lease?

CAM means common area maintenance. It is your share of shared building cost, billed as an estimate and trued up later.

This page belongs to a validation / pilot concept. It is not generally available.

Questions this page also answers

What does CAM stand for?

Common area maintenance. It is shared building cost.

Is CAM rent?

No. It is an extra, often estimated and later trued up.

Can CAM be capped?

Sometimes, and usually only the part the landlord can control.

Should CAM sit in NPV?

Yes, when the tenant pays it.

Plain-language definition

CAM is not rent. It is a pass-through for shared space.

Halls, lots, shared plant, and some management costs often sit here.

The landlord estimates it, then reconciles it.

A cap may limit some of it. Tax and insurance often sit outside that cap.

This page sits under Occupancy costs.

CAM is one piece of total occupancy cost.

A net lease makes CAM visible. A gross lease hides it in rent.

Uncapped CAM is a sensitivity topic.

Put the CAM estimate in model inputs.

Investopedia defines net present value as later cash brought back to today. That idea is the spine of this page. See Investopedia on NPV.

Editorial commercial interior used as section context. Not a customer photo.

Why it matters

CAM can be a large share of the bill.

A 15 percent overbill compounds for years.

Clients feel the true-up as a surprise.

How it works

Write the cash list first. Then decide what the page is measuring.

  • Ask for the extra list, not a single CAM number.
  • Ask what is excluded.
  • Ask whether a controllable cap exists.
  • Place the estimate and the true-up on the timeline.
Later cash boxes sit farther right and look smaller than year-one cash.
Later cash is smaller in today's dollars. This is a teaching picture, not a live model.

Formula in words. CAM share = building CAM pool × tenant percent. Then true up to actuals.

Required inputs for this page
InputMeaning
CAM estimateMonthly extra
Tenant sharePercent of the building
ExclusionsWhat the tenant should not pay
CapLimit on controllable extras

Worked example

Here is a teaching sample. It is not customer data and not a result from a live client.

Lease A start rent$26,000
Lease B start rent$24,180
Discount rate8%
Sample NPV A$298,301
Lease A vs Lease B — CAM sample
MetricLease ALease B
Start rent$26,000$24,180
Year-1 extras$14,000$14,980
Year-1 credit$4,000$2,200
Sample NPV$298,301$293,626
Cash-flow walk — CAM sample
YearRentExtrasCreditCash outValue today
Year 1$26,000$14,000$4,000$36,000$33,333
Year 2$26,780$14,420$0$41,200$35,322
Year 3$27,583$14,853$0$42,436$33,687
Year 4$28,411$15,298$0$43,709$32,127
Year 5$29,263$15,757$0$45,020$30,640
Year 6$30,141$16,230$0$46,371$29,222
Year 7$31,045$16,717$0$47,762$27,869
Year 8$31,976$17,219$0$49,195$26,579
Year 9$32,935$17,736$0$50,671$25,348
Year 10$33,923$18,268$0$52,191$24,175
Sample NPV$298,301
Two bars on one scale for Lease A and Lease B. Teaching sample only.
Both options use the same rate. The lower bar is not automatically the better lease.

How to read the sample

Sample NPV for CAM sample is about $298,301. A second path lands near $293,626. That gap is a talking point, not a promise.

Year notes for CAM sample

  • Year 1 of CAM sample has rent of $26,000.
  • Shared building cost is $14,000.
  • A credit of $4,000 lowers the cash you pay that year.
  • Cash out this year is about $36,000. CAM is the large extra in year one.
  • Later cash gets a shrink for time. At 8 percent, year 1 is worth about $33,333 today.
  • Next, year 2 rent is $26,780.
  • CAM, which is a shared building cost, is $14,420.
  • There is no credit in this year.
  • You pay about $41,200 this year after extras and credits. The estimate steps with the building.
  • Time shrinks later cash. At 8 percent, year 2 is worth about $35,322 today.
  • Then year 3 rent is $27,583.
  • Extras for the building come to $14,853.
  • Credits skip this year.
  • The net cash this year is about $42,436. A true-up would land as a short extra credit or bill.
  • Waiting has a price. At 8 percent, year 3 is worth about $33,687 today.
  • After that, year 4 rent is $28,411.
  • The shared building cost this time is $15,298.
  • No extra credit shows up this year.
  • Cash out this year is about $43,709. Later years still carry the pool.
  • Later cash gets a shrink for time. At 8 percent, year 4 is worth about $32,127 today.
  • In year 5 of CAM sample, rent is $29,263.
  • Shared building cost is $15,757.
  • There is no credit in this year.
  • You pay about $45,020 this year after extras and credits. The last year still needs a CAM line.
  • Time shrinks later cash. At 8 percent, year 5 is worth about $30,640 today.
  • Year 6 of CAM sample has rent of $30,141.
  • CAM, which is a shared building cost, is $16,230.
  • Credits skip this year.
  • The net cash this year is about $46,371. Keep this later year in the sum for the sample.
  • Waiting has a price. At 8 percent, year 6 is worth about $29,222 today.
  • Next, year 7 rent is $31,045.
  • Extras for the building come to $16,717.
  • No extra credit shows up this year.
  • Cash out this year is about $47,762. The row still belongs in the sum for the long path.
  • Later cash gets a shrink for time. At 8 percent, year 7 is worth about $27,869 today.
  • Then year 8 rent is $31,976.
  • The shared building cost this time is $17,219.
  • There is no credit in this year.
  • You pay about $49,195 this year after extras and credits. Keep this later year in the sum for the long path.
  • Time shrinks later cash. At 8 percent, year 8 is worth about $26,579 today.
  • After that, year 9 rent is $32,935.
  • Shared building cost is $17,736.
  • Credits skip this year.
  • The net cash this year is about $50,671. The row still belongs in the sum for the long path.
  • Waiting has a price. At 8 percent, year 9 is worth about $25,348 today.
  • In year 10 of CAM sample, rent is $33,923.
  • CAM, which is a shared building cost, is $18,268.
  • No extra credit shows up this year.
  • Cash out this year is about $52,191. Keep this later year in the sum for the long path.
  • Later cash gets a shrink for time. At 8 percent, year 10 is worth about $24,175 today.

Add those year values. The sample NPV for CAM sample is about $298,301. This is a teaching sample, not a client result.

See total occupancy cost

Assumptions

  • The sample treats CAM as tenant-paid on a net path.

Edge cases

Capital projects should not hide inside CAM without a clause.

Common mistakes

  • Using one CAM number for two buildings.
  • Ignoring the reconciliation.

Decision implications

If CAM history is missing, treat the extra as a range.

Compare this to related metrics

Read hidden occupancy costs for tax, insurance, and move-in spend.

Limits

  • CAM language varies by market and form.

When this should not drive the choice

  • Do not invent a CAM cap the lease does not grant.

U.S. BLS describes how brokers advise clients on property deals. That is the job this page supports. See BLS broker occupation data.

NAIOP and BOMA are professional CRE homes for market and building-cost context. See NAIOP and BOMA.

Next step

This site is a validation / pilot concept. It is not generally available. Payment is not collected.

Compare occupancy stacks

Ready for a bounded next step? Request Pilot Access or see how it works and compare commercial leases.

What is total occupancy cost in a commercial lease? · What hidden occupancy costs do tenants miss? · What is occupancy cost per square foot?

Trusted sources

These are public references. They are not endorsements and not client results.

  1. Investopedia — net present value
  2. Investopedia — discount rate
  3. U.S. BLS — real estate brokers
  4. NAIOP
  5. BOMA
  6. FASB